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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Tuvalu (2002)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Tuvalu (2002)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Tuvalu (2002)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsTuvalu
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) none
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
0-14 years: 32.6% (male 1,851; female 1,785)


15-64 years: 62.3% (male 3,335; female 3,607)


65 years and over: 5.1% (male 233; female 335) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts coconuts; fish
Airports 1 (2006) 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
-
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total: 26 sq km


land: 26 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. In 1974, ethnic differences within the British colony of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands caused the Polynesians of the Ellice Islands to vote for separation from the Micronesians of the Gilbert Islands. The following year, the Ellice Islands became the separate British colony of Tuvalu. Independence was granted in 1978. In 2000, Tuvalu negotiated a contract leasing its Internet domain name ".tv" for $50 million in royalties over the next dozen years.
Birth rate NA 21.44 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues: $22.5 million


expenditures: $11.2 million, including capital expenditures of $4.2 million (2000 est.)
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Fongafale
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)
Coastline 26 km 24 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 1 October 1978
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Tuvalu


former: Ellice Islands


note: "Tuvalu" means "group of eight," referring to the country's eight traditionally inhabited islands
Currency - Australian dollar (AUD); note - there is also a Tuvaluan dollar
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 7.45 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) the US does not have an embassy in Tuvalu; the US ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tuvalu
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) Tuvalu does not have an embassy in the US - the country's only diplomatic post is in Fiji - Tuvalu does, however, have a UN office located at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, New York 10017, telephone: [1] (212) 490-0534
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $13 million (1999 est.); note - major donors are Japan, Australia, and the US (1999 est.)
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Tuvalu consists of a densely populated, scattered group of nine coral atolls with poor soil. The country has no known mineral resources and few exports. Subsistence farming and fishing are the primary economic activities. Fewer than 1,000 tourists, on average, visit Tuvalu annually. Government revenues largely come from the sale of stamps and coins and worker remittances. About 1,000 Tuvaluans work in Nauru in the phosphate mining industry. Nauru has begun repatriating Tuvaluans, however, as phosphate resources decline. Substantial income is received annually from an international trust fund established in 1987 by Australia, NZ, and the UK and supported also by Japan and South Korea. Thanks to wise investments and conservative withdrawals, this Fund has grown from an initial $17 million to over $35 million in 1999. The US government is also a major revenue source for Tuvalu, with 1999 payments from a 1988 treaty on fisheries at about $9 million, a total which is expected to rise annually. In an effort to reduce its dependence on foreign aid, the government is pursuing public sector reforms, including privatization of some government functions and personnel cuts of up to 7%. In 1998, Tuvalu began deriving revenue from use of its area code for "900" lines and in 2000, from the lease of its ".tv" Internet domain name. Royalties from these new technology sources could raise GDP substantially over the next decade. With merchandise exports only a fraction of merchandise imports, continued reliance must be placed on fishing and telecommunications license fees, remittances from overseas workers, official transfers, and investment income from overseas assets.
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: NA%


hydro: NA%


nuclear: NA%


other: NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs since there are no streams or rivers and groundwater is not potable, most water needs must be met by catchment systems with storage facilities (the Japanese Government has built one desalination plant and plans to build one other); beachhead erosion because of the use of sand for building materials; excessive clearance of forest undergrowth for use as fuel; damage to coral reefs from the spread of the Crown of Thorns starfish; Tuvalu is very concerned about global increases in greenhouse gas emissions and their effect on rising sea levels, which threaten the country's underground water table; in 2000, the government appealed to Australia and New Zealand to take in Tuvaluans if rising sea levels should make evacuation necessary
Environment - international agreements - party to: Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: Biodiversity, Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Polynesian 96%, Micronesian 4%
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) Tuvaluan dollars or Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Tomasi PUAPUA, M.D. (since 26 June 1998)


head of government: Prime Minister Saufatu SOPOANGA (since 2 August 2002)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by and from the members of Parliament; election last held 2 August 2002 (next to be held NA)


election results: Saufatu SOPOANGA elected prime minister; Parliamentary vote - Saufatu SOPOANGA 8, Amasone KILEI 7
Exports $NA $276,000 f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities copra copra, fish
Exports - partners Australia (2004) Sweden, Fiji, Iceland, Germany, Greece (2000)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the outer half of the flag represents a map of the country with nine yellow five-pointed stars symbolizing the nine islands
GDP - purchasing power parity - $12.2 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $1,100 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 8 00 S, 178 00 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation one of the smallest and most remote countries on Earth; six of the coral atolls - Nanumea, Nui, Vaitupu, Nukufetau, Funafuti, and Nukulaelae - have lagoons open to the ocean; Nanumaya and Niutao have landlocked lagoons; Niulakita does not have a lagoon
Highways - total: 19.5 km


paved: 0 km


unpaved: 19.5 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $NA $7.2 million c.i.f. (1998)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs food, animals, mineral fuels, machinery, manufactured goods
Imports - partners Australia (2004) Fiji, Australia, Portugal, NZ (2000)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 1 October 1978 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries copra products and tourism fishing, tourism, copra
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
22 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation none ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, IFRCS (associate), ITU, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WTrO (applicant)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land NA NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court High Court (a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over its sessions; its rulings can be appealed to the Court of Appeal in Fiji); eight Island Courts (with limited jurisdiction)
Labor force NA 7,000 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others people make a living mainly through exploitation of the sea, reefs, and atolls and from wages sent home by those abroad (mostly workers in the phosphate industry and sailors)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws NA
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
unicameral Parliament or Fale I Fono, also called House of Assembly (15 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 25 July 2002 (next to be held NA 2006)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: 66.98 years


male: 64.83 years


female: 69.23 years (2002 est.)
Literacy NA definition: percentage of people over the age of 15 who can read and write


total population: 55% (1996)


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Oceania, island group consisting of nine coral atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
contiguous zone: 24 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 31,021 GRT/52,198 DWT


ships by type: cargo 3, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 5 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
Military branches - no regular military forces; Police Force (includes Maritime Surveillance Unit for search and rescue missions and surveillance operations)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA%
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Independence Day, 1 October (1978)
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun: Tuvaluan(s)


adjective: Tuvaluan
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April severe tropical storms are usually rare, but, in 1997, there were three cyclones; low level of islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level
Natural resources fish fish
Net migration rate NA 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders none there are no political parties but members of Parliament usually align themselves in informal groupings
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) 11,146 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) 1.4% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors - Funafuti, Nukufetau
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1999)
Radios - 4,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Church of Tuvalu (Congregationalist) 97%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, Baha'i 1%, other 0.6%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage NA 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
general assessment: serves particular needs for internal communications


domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands


international: NA
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 1,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available 0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations NA 0 (1997)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls very low-lying and narrow coral atolls
Total fertility rate NA 3.07 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) NA%
Waterways - none
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